(no subject)
Mar. 22nd, 2010 09:08 am![[personal profile]](https://www.dreamwidth.org/img/silk/identity/user.png){kind=small}
kittydesadeJust rambling on Russian, here, no actual exercises. Trying to get it straight in my admittedly muddled head.
Perfective verbs are used to refer to completed, one-time actions, normally of short duration or with a result that is being emphasized. Perfective verbs have only two tenses: past and future.
Imperfective verbs are used in other circumstances. For instance, they refer to repeated actions, or to one-time actions in situations where the focus is not on the result but on the process or the duration. Imperfective verbs have present, past, and future tenses.
[...] The difference between perfective and imperfective is seen everyhwhere except the present tense: in the infinitive (готовить/приготовить), the future tense (буду готовить/приготовлю), the past tense (готовил/приготовил) and the imperative (готовь/приготовь).
The imperfective/complex (dammit, I'm going to use my own damn terminology for this) future is a compound form: буду готовить. The perfective/simple future is formed by conjugating a perfective/simple verb. When conjugated, perfective/simple verbs have the same conjugation pattern as imperfective/complex verbs. Прочитать is conjugated exactly like читать. But conjugated perfective verbs have future meaning.
Imperfective/Complex Present: Я читаю, я готовлю, я ем.
Perfective/Simple Present: --
Imperfective/Complex Future: Я буду читать, я буду готовить, я буду есть
Perfective/Simple Future: Я прочитаю, я приготовлю, я съем
Imperfective/Complex
Готовить: Мы будем готовить пиццу весь вечер. We will make pizza all evening
Покупать: Когда я буду в России, я буду покупать газету каждый день. When I'm in Russia, I will buy a newspaper every day.
Perfective/Simple
Приготовить: Вечером мы приготовим пиццу, а потом мы пойдём в кино. Tonight we will make pizza, and then we'll go to the movies.
Купить: Я обычно не покупаю газету, но завтра я её куплю. I don't usually buy a newspaper but tomorrow I will buy one.
The perfective/simple is used to emphasize the result of a one-time action. In other instances, the imperfective is used. For example, when the amount of time the action will last is mentioned, the focus is on the duration rather than the result and the imperfective must be used. When the action is repeated, the imperfective must also be used.
Since perfective verbs emphasize the result of a one-time action, some sentences with perfective verbs do not make sense without a direct object. Just as the English phrase "I will buy" begs for a direct object, so do the Russian phrases Я куплю (хлеб), я прочитаю (книгу), я приготовлю (ужин), я съем (бутерброд), я выпью (молоко)
And that's all use. The rest of it is formation and dear god, that was... messy. Trying to think of this, to explain it to myself to where I can do it properly. Ugh.
Still need a rest. Thank you, all, who left comments and support on my last entry; it helps.
Perfective verbs are used to refer to completed, one-time actions, normally of short duration or with a result that is being emphasized. Perfective verbs have only two tenses: past and future.
Imperfective verbs are used in other circumstances. For instance, they refer to repeated actions, or to one-time actions in situations where the focus is not on the result but on the process or the duration. Imperfective verbs have present, past, and future tenses.
[...] The difference between perfective and imperfective is seen everyhwhere except the present tense: in the infinitive (готовить/приготовить), the future tense (буду готовить/приготовлю), the past tense (готовил/приготовил) and the imperative (готовь/приготовь).
The imperfective/complex (dammit, I'm going to use my own damn terminology for this) future is a compound form: буду готовить. The perfective/simple future is formed by conjugating a perfective/simple verb. When conjugated, perfective/simple verbs have the same conjugation pattern as imperfective/complex verbs. Прочитать is conjugated exactly like читать. But conjugated perfective verbs have future meaning.
Imperfective/Complex Present: Я читаю, я готовлю, я ем.
Perfective/Simple Present: --
Imperfective/Complex Future: Я буду читать, я буду готовить, я буду есть
Perfective/Simple Future: Я прочитаю, я приготовлю, я съем
Imperfective/Complex
Готовить: Мы будем готовить пиццу весь вечер. We will make pizza all evening
Покупать: Когда я буду в России, я буду покупать газету каждый день. When I'm in Russia, I will buy a newspaper every day.
Perfective/Simple
Приготовить: Вечером мы приготовим пиццу, а потом мы пойдём в кино. Tonight we will make pizza, and then we'll go to the movies.
Купить: Я обычно не покупаю газету, но завтра я её куплю. I don't usually buy a newspaper but tomorrow I will buy one.
The perfective/simple is used to emphasize the result of a one-time action. In other instances, the imperfective is used. For example, when the amount of time the action will last is mentioned, the focus is on the duration rather than the result and the imperfective must be used. When the action is repeated, the imperfective must also be used.
Since perfective verbs emphasize the result of a one-time action, some sentences with perfective verbs do not make sense without a direct object. Just as the English phrase "I will buy" begs for a direct object, so do the Russian phrases Я куплю (хлеб), я прочитаю (книгу), я приготовлю (ужин), я съем (бутерброд), я выпью (молоко)
And that's all use. The rest of it is formation and dear god, that was... messy. Trying to think of this, to explain it to myself to where I can do it properly. Ugh.
Still need a rest. Thank you, all, who left comments and support on my last entry; it helps.