(no subject)
Apr. 17th, 2009 08:35 amRight. New plan. Typing up the rules for Prepositional case and practicing at work. Because four pages of information is not going to result in exercises being done this morning.
Masculine Nouns
If the word has a hard ending, that is, a consonant other than -й or -ь, add -e: в университете
If the word ends in -й or -ь, drop that letter and add -e: в словаре
If the resulting ending in the prepositional case would be -ие, change it to -ии: в кафетерии.
Neuter Nouns
If the word ends in -о drop that letter and add -е: в отчестве
If the word ends in -е there is no change: в платье
If the resulting ending in the prep case would be -ие change it to -ии: общежитие -- в общежитии
Feminine Nouns
If the word ends in -а or -я, drop the last letter and add -е: в школе
If the word ends in -ь, drop that letter and add -и: на кровати
If the resulting ending in the prepositional case would be -ие, change it to -ии: Россия, России
Plural Nouns (all genders)
If the singular form ends in a hard consonant or -a or -o, drop the -a or -o (if applicable) and add -ах: в учебниках, в школах
If the singular form has a soft ending (-й, -ь, -я, or -е), drop that letter and add -ях: в словарях, в общежитиях
Masculine and Neuter Adjectives
The regular ending is -ом: новом
If the letter prior to that ending is ш, щ, ч, ж, ц and the ending is unstresed, then the ending is -ем : хорошем
The ending for naturally soft adjectives is -ем: синем
Feminine Adjectives
The regular ending is -ой: новой
If the letter prior to that ending is ш, щ, ч, ж, ц and the ending is unstresed, then the ending is -ей : хорошей
The ending for naturally soft adjectives is -ей: синей
Plural Adjectives
All adjectives have the same ending in the prepositional plural, regardless of gender. The two possible forms of this ending are -ых and -их.
The basic ending is -ых:
If the adjective is naturally soft, the prepositional plural form is -их:
If the last letter before the adjectival ending is к, г, ш, щ, х, ж, or ч the prepositional plural form is -их:
Masculine Nouns
If the word has a hard ending, that is, a consonant other than -й or -ь, add -e: в университете
If the word ends in -й or -ь, drop that letter and add -e: в словаре
If the resulting ending in the prepositional case would be -ие, change it to -ии: в кафетерии.
Neuter Nouns
If the word ends in -о drop that letter and add -е: в отчестве
If the word ends in -е there is no change: в платье
If the resulting ending in the prep case would be -ие change it to -ии: общежитие -- в общежитии
Feminine Nouns
If the word ends in -а or -я, drop the last letter and add -е: в школе
If the word ends in -ь, drop that letter and add -и: на кровати
If the resulting ending in the prepositional case would be -ие, change it to -ии: Россия, России
Plural Nouns (all genders)
If the singular form ends in a hard consonant or -a or -o, drop the -a or -o (if applicable) and add -ах: в учебниках, в школах
If the singular form has a soft ending (-й, -ь, -я, or -е), drop that letter and add -ях: в словарях, в общежитиях
Masculine and Neuter Adjectives
The regular ending is -ом: новом
If the letter prior to that ending is ш, щ, ч, ж, ц and the ending is unstresed, then the ending is -ем : хорошем
The ending for naturally soft adjectives is -ем: синем
Feminine Adjectives
The regular ending is -ой: новой
If the letter prior to that ending is ш, щ, ч, ж, ц and the ending is unstresed, then the ending is -ей : хорошей
The ending for naturally soft adjectives is -ей: синей
Plural Adjectives
All adjectives have the same ending in the prepositional plural, regardless of gender. The two possible forms of this ending are -ых and -их.
The basic ending is -ых:
If the adjective is naturally soft, the prepositional plural form is -их:
If the last letter before the adjectival ending is к, г, ш, щ, х, ж, or ч the prepositional plural form is -их: